metacognition

Study Habits and Academic Achievement: A Comprehensive Review with Special Reference to Indian Schooling and Higher Education

Study habits—systematic patterns of learning behaviour encompassing planning, strategy use, monitoring, and regulation—constitute one of the most powerful and malleable determinants of academic achievement. Drawing on cognitive psychology, self-regulated learning theory, and large-scale meta-analyses, this review synthesizes evidence on high-impact study strategies such as retrieval practice, distributed practice, elaboration, and metacognitive regulation.